As per Islam, marriage is a religious duty and a social commitment. Marriage is the first and most crucial righteous act. Islam has emphasized the advantages, religious virtue, and social necessity of marriage. It is a serious commitment as a permanent marital bond; therefore, there are specific Islamic marriage requirements specified by Shariah.
Bride and Groom
The first Islamic marriage requirement is that there should be a Man as Groom and a Woman as Bride. These two will accept each other as their legally wed husband and wife in Nikah, the Islamic marriage contract.
Both Should Be Na-Mehram
The second Islamic marriage requirement is that the Bride and the Groom should be Na-Mehram. Other than siblings, all direct ancestors, direct descendants, siblings of parents, grandparents, and further antecedents, and children and further descendants of siblings are Mehran with whom the marriage is prohibited in Islam.
Both Should Be Adults
Both the Bride and the Groom should be adults. As per the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961, the legal age of marriage for a girl is 16 years, and for a boy, it is 18 years. However, Islam allows getting married as soon as a boy or a girl reaches puberty and is ready to take all such responsibilities.
Mutual Consent
Islam emphasizes the mutual consent of the Bride and the Groom for marriage. They both give their consent verbally and in writing. It is unlawful to obtain consent from people who cannot give their consent legally. Such people are minor children or people with physical or mental impairments that limit their understanding of consent to a legal contract.
Witnesses
Two sound mind Muslim adult male witnesses must verify the marriage contract. Both witnesses attest that Bride and Groom willfully entered into the marriage contract without any force by family or anyone else.
Haq-e-Mehr
Both of the parties must agree on the Haq-e-Mehr. It is the bride’s right to receive gifts in the form of cash, gold, property, or any other valuable asset from the groom at the time of the marriage contract. These gifts remain the bride’s property as the security of their marriage. She is the sole owner of all such gifts despite the end of the marriage by divorce.
Haq-e-Mehr can be paid in full at the time of Nikah, or a payment schedule can be specified that is agreed by both parties. It is also possible to defer the payment of Mehr unlit the termination of marriage through divorce or death; till then, the unpaid Mehr will be a debt on the husband.
Optional Terms
The Bride and the Groom can add conditions to the marriage contract that Islamic Law allows. These conditions become binding on both parties if they agree to them while signing the marriage contract.
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